The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.